R is a language and environment used for statistical and graphic computing. It is a modification of the S language, so there is code written in S, which is capable of being implemented in R without modifications.
R provides a wide variety of statistical models (linear and nonlinear models, classical statistical tests, time series analysis, classification, grouping, etc.) and graphic techniques, which makes it a very extensible and manipulative tool on the part of user.
One of R’s strengths is the ease with which publication graphics can be produced with good quality and design, including mathematical symbols and formulas where necessary.