Several different use cases here.
1. You can easily integrate python and/or R in your Power BI Desktop files. However... if they are saved on a Power Bi Report Server, you cannot run scheduled refreshes. It is a limitation currently in the Report Server version. You could likely put together some API calls to the Report Server to do some download-->Refresh-->Redeploy scenario, but it might be easier to do this update manually depending on refresh rates required.
2. For advanced analytics, I would look at DAX expressions, these can be incoporated into PBIRS desktop files and easily support scheduled refreshes. Not the flexibility you get with Python or R, but still has some promising capabilities. If you want to take this a step further and have common data sources (Highly recomended for a large user community), you should look into creating tabular data models using a tool like SQL Server Data Tools.
