Why does CALCULATE behave like this when using FILTER?

[cliveb2016]

Hi I have a question related to the tables discussed here:

http://www.excelnaccess.com/context-transition-using-calculate/

Why does the calculated column:

Column = CALCULATE(SUM(Table1[earnings]),Table1[Year] = 2011)

Behave differently to

Column = CALCULATE(SUM(Table1[earnings]),FILTER(Table1, Table1[Year] = 2011))

The first returns the total for each one correctly whereas the second returns the total for all athletes for the year 2011 rather than the athlete in that row.

I guess for some reason the use of 

FILTER

Has some how gotten rid of the row context in the calculated column but I thought that CALCULATE would convert the row context into the FILTER context and give back the same result???

Can anyone explain?

Bonus question: Do calculated columns induce a row context (i.e. when you use a calculated column does it evaluate the column formula for each row? If so why do we get the behaviour as shown in measure 2?)

Thank you so much!

[Zubair_Muhammad · Accepted solution]

@cliveb2016

This is a lovely question

My article only covers the basics

Also see what happens with

Column = CALCULATE(SUM(Table1[earnings]),Table1)

Actually it has to do with the order in which arguments are evalauted.
Filter Parameter of the Calculate is exected first

Please see this  article

https://www.sqlbi.com/articles/order-of-evaluation-in-calculate-parameters/

So when you introduce Filter(Table1), it introduces an UnFiltered Table in a Calculated Column (ROW CONTEXT). So it has the impact of removing the FILTERS

When you use

Column = CALCULATE(SUM(Table1[earnings]),Table1[Year] = 2011

This is internally transformed by DAX Engine into following formula'

See the article https://www.sqlbi.com/articles/filter-arguments-in-calculate/

Column = CALCULATE(SUM(Table1[earnings]),Filter(all(Table1[Year]),Table1[Year] = 2011))

So this formula retains all other filters except for Table1 Year which you modify to be 2011

Now if you want your second formula to give same results, you would have to use

Column = CALCULATE(SUM(Table1[earnings]),FILTER(RelatedTable(Table1), Table1[Year] = 2011))