This is addressed in the PowerBI Documentation:
Slicers in Power BI - Power BI | Microsoft Learn
In short - Slicers are exactly what you describe (filters). Slicers let you visually display common filtering requirements in a straight forward manner for all users. The filters pane on the right hand side can be more complex for the report consumer. You can put a Slicer visual on the page and limit what options can be selected to refine how users can consume information.
Different field types will display differently. For instance Date slicers can use a slider instead of inputting date start and end. Text options can be shown as a list so you can select 1 by 1 (e.g. for comparison of staff performance). You can also enable the search option on a text slicer to search for options.
You can also sync slicers across multiple pages so that if you apply a filter on 1 page or a bookmark (e.g. a Year filter), it will automatically apply filters to other pages as well.
